I had something similar going on in Fedora Silverblue. I didn’t really want to fiddle with it at the moment, so I just uninstalled whatever I got from ProtonVPN and the update went smooth afterwards. I hope someone else can point you towards a better answer.
So we have a bias towards Debian-based distros.
However, a newer kernel is definitely preferred.
And finally, healthy access to documentation.
Based on the above, I would not pick:
Let’s get to the actual recommendation, Linux Mint seems to be tailor-made for your use case: